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RES - Fusion Reactor 2

#resfusion2 Geometric Proportions https://lnkd.in/ekbZFzCQ Chapter 2: The video presents the geometric configuration for the construction of a fusion reactor, illustrating the representation of suitable radius ratios (r1,rB) for the dimensional estimation of a magnetically confined plasma volume. The fusion reactor is characterized by a central magnetic field line (m1,depicted in yellow) surrounding the center (M), which consists of four semicircular arcs (B) positioned on the surface of a uniform transformation sphere with radius (r1). Each of these arcs defines a magnetic field plane with radius (rB). In a common torque plane (β'), the four yellow arcs (B) are connected in such a way that in the torque plane (β') two periods of an annularly curved oscillation are mirror-symmetrically opposite each other and are connected to each other to form an endless loop in the form of a double helix. The magnetic field of the fusion reactor exhibits a substantial number of eccentric magnetic field lines, not depicted here, which are situated on the surface of a uniform transformation sphere with radius (r1). These field lines consist of four spatially curved elliptical arcs, which are also connected to each other in the torque plane (β') and possess the same length as the four semicircular arcs (B). #resfusion2 #resgeometry #Looperator #solution4fusion #plasmaphysics #excellence for #thewörld from #theländ www.res-institute.com

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RES - Fusion Reactor 3

#resfusion3 The Transformation Sphere https://lnkd.in/ejKFBvqu Chapter 3: The spherical magnetic field of the proposed fusion reactor As demonstrated in Chapter 1, the fusion reactor possesses a plasma volume that is concentric to the central magnetic field line, depicted in yellow. This tubular plasma volume comprises four equal semicircular arcs, which are interconnected in a common angular momentum plane (β'). On the outer surface of the plasma volume, four illustrative eccentric magnetic field lines are presented in various colors. The Lorenz force, induced by the Helmholtz coils (see Chapter 1), exerts a clockwise flow on the plasma (see Chapter 2).The four eccentric magnetic field lines are characterized by elliptical space curves, and their length is equal to that of the central magnetic field line, as shown. The Lorenz force, therefore, is the cause of the collective interaction of the electrons and ions with the magnetic field lines, which turn out to lie on the surface of a transformation sphere with a uniform radius. This transformation, which in turn is caused by the rotation and translation of the charged particles within the plasma volume, is known as the Poincaré group. #resfusion3 #resgeometry #Looperator #solution4fusion #plasmaphysics #excellence for #thewörld from #theländ www.res-institute.com

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RES - Fusion Reactor 4

#resfusion4 Twisting the Lines https://lnkd.in/eK-AhUPW Chapter 4: In the angular momentum plane β' of the spherical double helix, a fluid-dynamically generated momentum based on the mass of the particles can be used to twist the magnetic field lines. Accelerated by the Lorentz force, electrons and ions travel at speeds of up to 1000 km/s and are subject to gravitational forces due to their mass. The angular momentum plane, delineated by the intersection of the four semicircular arcs of the double helix, undergoes a twisting motion of 4π/90 radians. The gravitational force exerts a torque on the plasma, manifesting in two distinct ways. Firstly, it induces a twisting of the magnetic field lines, and secondly, it causes a modification in the direction of the particles' spin, occurring four times within a single orbit. This phenomenon functions as a stabilizing mechanism, hindering the development of undesirable turbulence in the plasma. This effect is attributed to the centrifugal force acting on both electrons (represented by red arrows) and ions (represented by blue arrows). As illustrated in the video animation, the mass of both the electrons and the ions is used to build up a torque in the angular momentum plane (β'), which causes the twisting of the magnetic field lines. As explained in detail in Chapter 8, the direction of rotation of the spin of the particles is also reversed in the angular momentum plane (β'). The four-fold change from an up-spin to a down-spin within an orbital revolution of the charged particles prevents electrons and ions from developing undesirable drift movements. Remarkably, the orbital radius of these particles around each magnetic field line increases in proportion to the strength of the magnetic field. In conventional fusion reactors, the drift of the particles destroys the layered structure of the plasma volume and thus contributes to the relatively short operating time of fusion experiments. The electrons and ions must therefore develop the track fidelity required for permanent magnetic plasma confinement. #resfusion4 #resfluiddynamic2 #Looperator #solution4fusion #plasmaphysics #resorbital #asktheinventor #excellence for #thewörld from #theländ www.res-institute.com

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RES - Fusion Reactor 5

#resfusion5 Track Stability https://lnkd.in/eqGwKAE Chapter 8 delves into the intricacies of establishing the tracking accuracy of electrons and ions, elucidating the impact of the Helmholtz coils, as outlined in Chapter 1, on the trajectories of these particles. The electrons and ions orbit the magnetic field lines on spiral paths. The magnetic field exhibits greater intensity in the half of the four semicircular arcs facing the interior than in the opposing outer half of the plasma volume due to the reduced distance between the Helmholtz coils. This results in an asymmetrical magnetic field, which induces magnetic forces that act perpendicular to the Lorentz force and are related to the respective center of a semicircular arc. The ensuing forces are illustrated as red and blue arrows in this paper, causing electrons and ions to spiral around the magnetic field lines. The radii at which charged particles orbit magnetic field lines are greater on the side facing away from the center of a semi-circular magnetic field plane than on the half facing the center of the respective semi-circle. The asymmetrical magnetic field therefore causes a gyration effect, in which electrons and ions move slightly away from their magnetic field lines. The video illustrates how this effect is exaggerated by altering the direction of electron and ion rotation in the plane of rotation (β') four times for each and interrupting the tendency to drift four times in one orbit of the particles. The video illustrates the effect of four magnetic field planes offset by 90 degrees to each other. The incipient drift of the electrons and ions in the torque plane is stopped four times and completely reversed within the passage of two semicircular arcs. The result is that electrons and ions follow the magnetic field lines with high tracking stability, which is a prerequisite for time-unlimited magnetic plasma confinement. #resfusion5 #resfluiddynamic3 #Looperator #solution4fusion #plasmaphysics #resorbital #asktheinventor #excellence for #thewörld from #theländ www.res-institute.com

RES - Fusion Reactor 6

#resfusion6 Conduction of Heat https://lnkd.in/efwteeiC Chapter 6 : Discussing the problem of heat transfer from the plasma, which has a temperature of more than 100 million degrees at its core, to the water circulating between an inner shell and an outer shell of the plasma vessel as the preferred heat transfer fluid. The double-shell steel plasma vessel in which the water circulates acts as a radiator, absorbing heat from the plasma. The double-shell steel plasma vessel is equipped with eight magnetic coils, each with two transverse poles parallel to the magneto-hydrodynamic flow direction of the plasma. These magnetic coils can be operated with both alternating and direct current. By using a sophisticated circuit, it is possible to establish a temporary contact between the electrically conductive plasma volume and the inner shell of the plasma vessel, thus facilitating the transfer of heat to the so-called blanket by thermal conduction. The blanket is a layer of the inner shell of the plasma vessel facing the plasma, and the charged particles collectively respond to the attraction or repulsion exerted by the opposite poles of the magnetic coils, thereby influencing the trajectory of the magnetic field lines. In a coordinated circuit of the magnetic coils, this deflection of the tubular plasma volume can be briefly brought into contact with the inner shell of the plasma vessel to allow heat transfer by thermal conduction. As the English philosopher and statesman Francis Bacon (1561-1626) once said, "Natura non nisi parendo vincitur. To master nature, one must obey it". #resfusion6 #resfluiddynamik4 #Looperator #solution4fusion #plasmaphysics #excellence for #thewörld from #theländ www.res-institute.com

RES - Fusion Reactor 7

#resfusion7 Length Determination https://lnkd.in/ebzkEmeb Chapter 7 : The animation illustrates a tubular plasma volume, with a central magnetic field line delineated in yellow. Circumscribing this are the orbits of an electron, depicted in red, and an ion, illustrated in blue, each situated on an outer magnetic field line of the tubular plasma volume. The length of the central magnetic field line can be readily ascertained due to its composition of four plane semicircular arcs of uniform dimensions, thereby delineating four magnetic field planes. Each of these planes is offset by 90 degrees and interconnected by four connecting points in a common angular momentum plane β', as illustrated in video no. 5. The plane semicircular arcs are located on the surface of a central transformation sphere defined by the axes x, y, z. For a given radius of the transformation sphere, the length of the central magnetic field line is four π, which corresponds to twice the length of the circumference of a circle with the radius of the uniform transformation sphere. In the outermost layer of the plasma volume, two opposing decentralised magnetic field lines reach their maximum distance from the centre of the fusion reactor at four vertices. At the four connection points, the field lines alternate regularly between the outside and the inside of the plasma volume in the common angular momentum plane β'. The lengths of these magnetic field lines are shown to correspond with the central magnetic field line of the tubular plasma volume, and to lie on the surface of a uniform transformation sphere of the same radius.#resfusion7 #Looperator #solution4fusion #plasmaphysics #excellence for #thewörld from #theländ www.res-institute.com

RES - Fusion Reactor 8

#resfusion8 Structur and Scalability https://lnkd.in/e8aApViG Chapter 8: As shown in Video No. 1, the plasma vessel consists of a series of identical vessel modules with a circular or oval cross-section. These are arranged concentrically to the central magnetic field line between an inner and an outer radius around the center of the fusion reactor. The modules can be bolted or welded together to form four arc-shaped units, and the magnetic field in the form of a double helix ensures that the plasma volume follows the cross-section of the plasma vessel at a distance from the so-called blanket as a plasma-facing layer. The Helmholtz coils are assigned to the individual vessel modules and have a radial distance to the plasma vessel as well as longitudinal distances to each other, which can be defined by sector angles of the radius around the central center of the fusion reactor. The central magnetic field line of the fusion reactor is surrounded by a large number of concentric layers in which the decentralized magnetic field lines are arranged with analogous connection and apex points After ignition of the plasma, the electrons and ions of the heavy hydrogen isotopes separate. The Lorenz force determines both the direction of the fluid dynamics and the orientation of the angular momentum axis and the angular momentum plane of the particles. The two periods of a ring oscillation are divided into two mirror-image halves by at least one zero line between opposite connecting points of the central magnetic field line, resulting in the differentiation of the ring oscillations in the individual layers of the plasma volume. Each of these layers is characterised by layer-specific frequencies, with the frequency band of these oscillations ranging from 50 Hz on the outside of the plasma volume to several kilohertz in the area of the central magnetic field. The precision with which charged particles follow magnetic field lines is such that a plasma vessel with a diameter of 0.30 to 0.40 metres is sufficient to ignite the plasma. This, in turn, makes it possible to build compact fusion reactors, including their power supply and energy conversion system. Such reactors can therefore be installed on Earth as well as in space and integrated into a vehicle, especially a watercraft. #resfusion8 #Looperator #solution4fusion #plasmaphysics #excellence for #thewörld from #theländ

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RES - Fusion Reactor 9

#resfusion9 A Hint to Space-Time https://lnkd.in/ebFGJCNG Chapter 9 explores the concept of relativity in relation to time, demonstrating that the number of oscillations of an orbit of charged particles can be utilized as a temporal metric. Orbitals, which have been observed in atoms as electron orbits around the nucleus, are also identified as a universal structure of space. This phenomenon is evident not only in atomic, crystalline, and molecular systems but also at macroscopic and even cosmic scales. In the plasma structure of a fusion reactor, a macroscopic orbital model manifests itself in which the radii of the corresponding transformation spheres and the path lengths of the electrons and ions, which follow the magnetic field lines exactly on spiral loops, are in constant relationship to each other. This regularity is evident in the decentralized magnetic field lines of an outer layer of the plasma, depicted in different colors, and in the central red magnetic field line. The radius of gyration of electrons and ions is represented by the colored lines of the outermost layer of the magnetically confined plasma in a double-helix plasma vessel. The periodic oscillations of elementary particles represent a universal structural principle that can be detected both in individual atoms and in the universe. These oscillations can be exploited for the permanent magnetic confinement of plasmas. #resfusion9 #Looperator #solution4fusion #plasmaphysics #excellence for #thewörld from #theländ www.res-institute.com